Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation

DBMS_CLOUD Package Oracle Data Type to Parquet Mapping

Describes the mapping of Oracle data types to Parquet data types.

Oracle Type Parquet Type
BINARY_DOUBLE DBL
BINARY_FLOAT FLT
DATE DATE
NUMBER(p,s) DECIMAL(p,s)
NUMBER(p) DECIMAL(p)
TIMESTAMP(3) TIMESTAMP_MILLIS
TIMESTAMP(3) TIMESTAMP_MILLIS_UTC
TIMESTAMP(6) TIMESTAMP_MICROS
TIMESTAMP(6) TIMESTAMP_MICROS_UTC
TIMESTAMP(9) TIMESTAMP_NANOS
VARCHAR2(4000) STRING

NLS Session Parameters

The NLS session parameters NLS_DATE_FORMAT, NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT, NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT and NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS define how the date, timestamp, timestamp with time zone format, and radix separator for timestamp with decimal marker should be shown when a table with those column types are queried.

In addition, when you export data using DBMS_CLOUD.EXPORT_DATA and specify Parquet output, Autonomous Database reads the values of these parameters from the NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS table. Autonomous Database uses these values to convert the Oracle data types DATE or TIMESTAMP to Parquet types.

The NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS parameters support an RR format mask (two character year specification).

The RR format mask for the year is not supported for these parameters when you export data to Parquet with DBMS_CLOUD.EXPORT_DATA. An application error is raised if you attempt to export to parquet and the NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS are set to use the RR format mask (the default value for the RR format depends on the value of the NLS_TERRITORY parameter).

When one of the parameters NLS_DATE_FORMAT, NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT or NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT uses the RR format mask, you must change the format value to supported value to export data to Parquet with DBMS_CLOUD.EXPORT_DATA. For example: 

ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT = "MM/DD/YYYY";
ALTER SESSION SET NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS.FF';
ALTER SESSION SET  NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS.FF TZH:TZM';
After you change the value, you can verify the change by querying the NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS view:
SELECT value FROM NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS 
       WHERE parameter IN ('NLS_DATE_FORMAT','NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT','NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT');

If NLS_DATE_FORMAT is set, it applies to the columns with DATE datatype. If NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT is set, it applies to the columns with TIMESTAMP datattype. If NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT is set, it applies to the columns with TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE datatype.

See Date and Time Parameters and NLS Data Dictionary Views for more information.